Keys that stick, letters that appear twice, a space bar that no longer responds, or a keyboard that stopped working after spilled coffee: then you want to replace your MacBook keyboard. But on a MacBook that is less simple than it sounds, because on most models the keyboard is fixed into the top of the housing, the top case. This article explains what that means, what you can try first and how a keyboard repair works.
Blue Apple repairs MacBook keyboards in Amsterdam, from older models to the newest.
Test first: hardware or software?
- Connect an external keyboard. If that works fine, the built-in keyboard is to blame.
- Check System Settings, Accessibility, Keyboard to see whether Slow Keys or Mouse Keys are on. They can make keys seem broken.
- Check System Settings, Keyboard for key repeat rate and delay until repeat.
- Start in safe mode. If the keyboard works there, software is interfering. See safe mode.
Cleaning
Crumbs and dust under a key often cause sticking or double keys, especially on the butterfly keyboard. Hold the MacBook at an angle and blow compressed air along the keys in short bursts. Never pry keys off. See cleaning the keyboard safely.
What is the top case?
The top case is the upper part of your MacBook's bottom half: the aluminium part with the palm rests. On most MacBooks from about 2012 the keyboard is fixed to the top case with small rivets or screws, and the battery is glued against its underside. That makes replacing a keyboard more work than just taking the keyboard out.
Depending on the model and damage there are two ways:
- Replacing only the keyboard: the old keyboard is removed from the top case and a new keyboard fixed in. The other parts have to come out for this.
- Replacing the whole top case: a new top case with keyboard, sometimes with battery. That is needed if the housing is also damaged or bent.
The butterfly keyboard (2015-2019)
The 12 inch MacBook, the MacBook Pro from 2016 to 2019 and the MacBook Air of 2018 and 2019 had the butterfly keyboard. It was very thin but sensitive to dust: sticking or double-typing keys were common. Apple had a repair programme for it, but it ran out four years after sale and has ended for all models. See Apple repair programmes. Since the 2019 16 inch MacBook Pro and the 2020 MacBook Air, Apple uses a scissor keyboard again, which is much more reliable.
After water damage
A spilled drink under the keyboard can corrode contacts. Keys then do not work or type by themselves. Turn the MacBook off immediately and have it checked, because the liquid can also reach the logic board. See water damage: problems that come later.
One loose key
If only one keycap is loose or broken, often just that cap or the small hinge underneath can be replaced. Keep the cap.
What we do at Blue Apple in Amsterdam
We check whether cleaning is enough, or whether one key, the keyboard or the whole top case needs replacing, and tell you beforehand what it costs. More on our page about MacBook keyboard repair.
Frequently asked questions
Can I keep using an external keyboard?
Yes, as a temporary solution. Note that a broken built-in keyboard sometimes types letters by itself.
Is my battery replaced too with a top case?
On some models the battery is attached to the top case. Then we discuss whether a new battery makes sense.
Does Touch ID still work after a new keyboard?
The Touch ID button is paired with the logic board. During a repair we make sure the original button goes back in.
